Journal: Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Article Title: Tubeimoside I attenuates inflammation and oxidative damage in a mice model of PM 2.5 -induced pulmonary injury

doi: 10.3892/etm.2017.5597

Figure Lengend Snippet: TBMS1 reduces PM2.5-induced pulmonary biofilm and parenchymal cell damage. Protein levels of (A) LDH, (B) ACP, (C) AKP and (D) ALB were evaluated. Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation. *P<0.05 vs. control group; #P<0.05 vs. PM2.5 group. TBMS1, Tubeimoside I; PM2.5, particulate matter <2.5 µm in diameter; LDH, lactic dehydrogenase; ACP, acid phosphatase; AKP, alkaline phosphatase; ALB, albumin.

Article Snippet: TBMS1 (purity >98%; purified by high-performance liquid chromatography) was purchased from Tianjin Chase Sun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (Tianjin, China).

Techniques: Standard Deviation, Control

Journal: Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Article Title: Tubeimoside I attenuates inflammation and oxidative damage in a mice model of PM 2.5 -induced pulmonary injury

doi: 10.3892/etm.2017.5597

Figure Lengend Snippet: TBMS1 decreases PM2.5-induced pulmonary inflammation. Protein levels of (A) TNF-α and (B) IL-6 were evaluated. Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation. *P<0.05 vs. control group; #P<0.05 vs. PM2.5 group. TBMS1, Tubeimoside I; PM2.5, particulate matter <2.5 µm in diameter; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; IL, interleukin.

Article Snippet: TBMS1 (purity >98%; purified by high-performance liquid chromatography) was purchased from Tianjin Chase Sun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (Tianjin, China).

Techniques: Standard Deviation, Control

Journal: Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Article Title: Tubeimoside I attenuates inflammation and oxidative damage in a mice model of PM 2.5 -induced pulmonary injury

doi: 10.3892/etm.2017.5597

Figure Lengend Snippet: TBMS1 decreases PM2.5-induced pulmonary oxidative stress. The levels of (A) MDA, (B) NO, (C) iNOS and (D) SOD. Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation. *P<0.05 vs. control group; #P<0.05 vs. PM2.5 group. TBMS1, Tubeimoside I; PM2.5, particulate matter <2.5 µm in diameter; MDA, malondialdehyde; NO, nitric oxide; iNOS, inducible NO synthase; SOD, superoxide dismutase.

Article Snippet: TBMS1 (purity >98%; purified by high-performance liquid chromatography) was purchased from Tianjin Chase Sun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (Tianjin, China).

Techniques: Standard Deviation, Control

Journal: Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Article Title: Tubeimoside I attenuates inflammation and oxidative damage in a mice model of PM 2.5 -induced pulmonary injury

doi: 10.3892/etm.2017.5597

Figure Lengend Snippet: TBMS1 ameliorates PM2.5-induced histological changes in the lung. Inflammatory cell infiltration, interstitial edema, alveolar space diminishment and hyperemia were observed in the control group. However, these alterations were markedly attenuated by TBMS1 administration. The white, blue, red and yellow arrows indicate sites of inflammatory cell infiltration, interstitial edema, alveolar space diminishment and hyperemia, respectively. (A) Control group. (B) PM2.5 group. (C) PM2.5 + TBMS1 45 mg/kg group. (D) PM2.5 + TBMS1 90 mg/kg group. (E) PM2.5 + TBMS1 180 mg/kg group. Magnification, ×200. TBMS1, Tubeimoside I; PM2.5, particulate matter <2.5 µm in diameter.

Article Snippet: TBMS1 (purity >98%; purified by high-performance liquid chromatography) was purchased from Tianjin Chase Sun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (Tianjin, China).

Techniques: Control

Journal: Cell Proliferation

Article Title: Anti‐proliferative effects of γ‐tocotrienol on mammary tumour cells are associated with suppression of cell cycle progression

doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2184.2009.00657.x

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of γ‐tocotrienol on cyclin D1 and CDK levels. +SA cells were plated at a density of 1 × 106 cells/100 mm culture dishes in serum‐free defined control media, to allow cells to attach. The following day they were divided into control and treatment groups, media were removed, cells were washed and then fed fresh mitogen‐free media containing 0 or 4 μmγ‐tocotrienol (γT3), to establish cell cycle synchronization in all groups. After 48 h incubation period, media were removed and cells were fed their respective control or treatment media containing 100 ng/ml EGF. Cells were then collected at 0, 2, 4, 6, 12 and 24 h after mitogen stimulation and whole cell lysates were prepared for Western blot analysis of intracellular levels of cyclin D1, CDK2, CDK4, CDK6 and actin (α, β, γ) proteins. For each experiment, samples were electrophoresed through SDS–polyacrylamide minigels run simultaneously and proteins from two minigels were transblotted on to a single PVDF membrane, followed by Western blot analysis. Each Western blot image is a representative example of data obtained from experiments that were repeated at least three times. Scanning densitometric analysis was performed for each blot and net intensity of each band was normalized with corresponding actin values, as shown in bar graphs adjacent to their respective Western blot images. Vertical bars in the graph indicate relative protein expression in control and treatment groups over 24 h after mitogen (EGF) stimulation.

Article Snippet: Purified γ‐tocotrienol (>98% purity) was generously provided by Carotech Bhd. (Ipoh, Malaysia).

Techniques: Control, Incubation, Western Blot, Membrane, Expressing

Journal: Cell Proliferation

Article Title: Anti‐proliferative effects of γ‐tocotrienol on mammary tumour cells are associated with suppression of cell cycle progression

doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2184.2009.00657.x

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of γ‐tocotrienol on CKI levels. +SA cells were plated at a density of 1 × 106 cells/100 mm culture dishes and fed serum‐free defined control media to allow cells to attach. The following day, cells were divided into control and treatment groups, media were removed, cells were washed and then fed fresh mitogen‐free media containing 0 or 4 μmγ‐tocotrienol (γT3), to establish cell cycle synchronization between all groups. After 48 h incubation, media were removed and cells in all groups were fed their respective control or treatment media containing 100 ng/ml EGF. Cells were collected at various time points over the next 24 h period and whole cell lysates were prepared for Western blot analysis of p21, p27, p15 and actin (α, β, γ) proteins. For each experiment, samples were electrophoresed through SDS–polyacrylamide minigels run simultaneously and proteins from two minigels were transblotted on to a single PVDF membrane, followed by Western blot analysis. Each Western blot image is a representative example of data obtained from experiments that were repeated at least three times. Scanning densitometric analysis was performed for each blot and net intensity of each band was normalized to corresponding actin values, as shown in bar graphs adjacent to their respective Western blot images. Vertical bars in the graph indicate relative protein expression in control and treatment groups over 24 h after mitogen (EGF) stimulation.

Article Snippet: Purified γ‐tocotrienol (>98% purity) was generously provided by Carotech Bhd. (Ipoh, Malaysia).

Techniques: Control, Incubation, Western Blot, Membrane, Expressing

Journal: Cell Proliferation

Article Title: Anti‐proliferative effects of γ‐tocotrienol on mammary tumour cells are associated with suppression of cell cycle progression

doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2184.2009.00657.x

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of γ‐tocotrienol on retinoblastoma (Rb) phosphorylation. +SA cells were plated at a density of 1 × 106 cells/100 mm culture dishes and fed serum‐free defined control media to allow cells to attach. The following day, cells were divided into control and treatment groups, media were removed, cells washed, and then fed fresh mitogen‐free media containing 0 or 4 μmγ‐tocotrienol (γT3), to establish cell cycle synchronization in all groups. After 48 h incubation, media were removed and cells in all groups were fed their respective control or treatment media containing 100 ng/ml EGF. Cells were collected at specific times over the next 24 h period and whole cell lysates were prepared for Western blot analysis of intracellular levels of phospho‐Rb (ser780), phospho‐Rb (ser807/811) and actin (α, β, γ) proteins. For each experiment, samples were electrophoresed through SDS–polyacrylamide minigels run simultaneously and proteins from two minigels were transblotted on to a single PVDF membrane, followed by Western blot analysis. Each Western blot image is a representative example of data obtained from experiments that were repeated at least three times. Scanning densitometric analysis was performed for each blot and net intensity of each band was normalized with corresponding actin values, as shown in bar graphs adjacent to their respective Western blot images. Vertical bars in the graph indicate relative protein expression in control and treatment groups over 24 h after mitogen (EGF) stimulation.

Article Snippet: Purified γ‐tocotrienol (>98% purity) was generously provided by Carotech Bhd. (Ipoh, Malaysia).

Techniques: Phospho-proteomics, Control, Incubation, Western Blot, Membrane, Expressing

Journal: Cell Proliferation

Article Title: Anti‐proliferative effects of γ‐tocotrienol on mammary tumour cells are associated with suppression of cell cycle progression

doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2184.2009.00657.x

Figure Lengend Snippet:   Effects of 0–4 μmγ‐tocotrienol on the highly malignant +SA mammary epithelial cell proliferation over a 96 h treatment period. Cells in all treatment groups were initially plated (day 0) at a density of 5 × 104 cells/well in 24‐well culture plates. Vertical bars indicate mean viable cell number/well ± SEM for six replicates in each treatment group. *P < 0.05, as compared to vehicle‐treated cells in the control group.

Article Snippet: Purified γ‐tocotrienol (>98% purity) was generously provided by Carotech Bhd. (Ipoh, Malaysia).

Techniques: Control